#15 - A Complete Guide to Mint Solana NFTs through a Mobile App (Android)

Author: @rockluckycat​
See the example repo here​
Overview
Creat candy machine through Metaplex js
Creat a Pixel 4 Android virtual device
Run react-native app on Android Emulator
Connect wallet through @solana/mobile-wallet-adapter​
Upload image and metadata to Arweave
Mint Solana NFT through candy machine
The demo procedure is running on solana devnet
Setup
Structure
├── 📂 metaplex-candy-machine-example
│   │
│   └── 📄 creator.js
│
└── 📂 mobile-nft-mint-example
    │
    ├── 📂 andorid
    │
    ├── 📂 ios
    │
    ├── 📂 patch
    │   |
    │   └── 📂 arweave
    │
    ├── 📂 src
    │   │
    │   ├── 📂 components
    │   │
    │   ├── 📂 hooks
    │   │   │
    │   │   ├── 📄 useAuthorization.ts
    │   │   │
    │   │   ├── 📄 useGuardedCallback.ts
    │   │   │
    │   │   └── 📄 useUploader.ts
    │   │   │
    │   │   └── 📄 useMinter.ts
    │   │
    │   ├── 📄 App.tsx
    │   |
    │   └── 📄 MainScreen.tsx
    │
    └── 📂 types
This Tutorial Only Works on Android OS
Since Solana Mobile SDK hasn't support iOS yet. You can't connect wallet with @solana/mobile-wallet-adapter on iOS devices. As a result, this tutorial only works on Android right now.
Setting up the development environment
There are two ways to develop React Native App.
Expo Go
React Native CLI
We don't talk about which one is better here. The point is I have tried to run this code with Expo Go. However it still has some issues when using @solana/mobile-wallet-adapter, but it works fine with React Native CLI.
So I suggest you to use React Native CLI method to setting up your development environment.
Follow this doc to setup.
Creat a Pixel 4 Android virtual device
Follow this doc to create a virtual device.
And remeber select Pixel 4 which is the newest verison has Play Store inside.
Select Pixel 4
System Image please select "S API Level 31"
Select S API Level 31
After you run up your virtual Pixel 4, remember to install Phantom or Solflare.
Install metaplex-candy-machine-example
https://github.com/BoxInThePARK/metaplex-candy-machine-example
$ git clone https://github.com/BoxInThePARK/metaplex-candy-machine-example.git
​
$ cd metaplex-candy-machine-example
$ pnpm install
Install mobile-nft-mint-example
https://github.com/BoxInThePARK/mobile-nft-mint-example
$ git clone https://github.com/BoxInThePARK/mobile-nft-mint-example.git
​
$ cd mobile-nft-mint-example
$ yarn
Set Arweave Package to Local Patch
Right now, arweave-js hasn't completely supported react-native yet. Therefore, if you want to upload image or metadata to Arweave network through arweave-js package. You will address some issues occured by some needed packages are unable to resolve on react-native. Because react-native doesn't have them.
To solve these problems, not only you should install other packages, you also need to do small modification on the package's sourcecode. This is the reason why we set arweave-js as a local patch,
Here are the steps:
Install
    yarn add text-encoding
Modify source code
// In patch/arweave/node/lib/utils.js
​
...
​
// Line 61
const {TextEncoder} = require('text-encoding');
​
Setup Arweave Wallet
Follow this doc to setup your Arweave wallet and claim free AR token by completing assigned task. You should have a downloaded key file after the setup. We will need the keyfile in the rest of the tutorial.
Part 1: Create Candy Machine
Create .env File
//In metaplex-candy-machine-example
​
touch .env
Paste this to .env
//In .env
​
ARWEAVE_KEY=[The key you get from "Set Arweave Wallet"]
METAPLEX_PRIVATE_KEY=[The secret key of your test wallet address]
Create A New Candy Machine
$ pnpm create-candy-machine
​
> [email protected] create-candy-machine ../metaplex-candy-machine-example
> node ./creator.js
​
publicKey [your wallet address]
Upload Collection Metadata
metadataUrl https://arweave.net/xxxxxxxxx
Initialize Metaplex
Create the Collection NFT
Create the Candy Machine
Done
candyMachine_address [new cm address]
Then you can get a new candy machine address.
Part 2: Run The App on Android Emulator/Device
Setup Arweave Wallet
Follow this doc to setup your Arweave wallet and claim free AR token by completing assigned task.
Create .env File
//In mobile-nft-mint-example
​
touch .env
Paste this to .env
//In .env
​
REACT_APP_ARWEAVE_KEY=[The key you get from "Set Arweave Wallet"]
REACT_APP_METAPLEX_PRIVATE_KEY=[The secret key of your test wallet address]
REACT_APP_CANDY_MACHINE_ADDRESS=[The candy machine address you get from Part 1]
Install App to Emulator
Recommend to have two terminal windows here.
Run the Metro
$ yarn start --reset-cache
Install App
$ yarn android
Connect Wallet
Set Wallet to devnet
Add uri in APP_IDENTITY
// In src/hooks/useAuthorization.ts
​
...
​
// Line 66
uri: 'https://book.solmeet.dev/',
​
Refresh app or rebuild. Then start testing!
Upload Image and Metadata
The procedure comes from SolMeet #3. You can take a detail look at here​
Find Candy Machine
//Initialize Metaplex
console.log('Initialize Metaplex');
const metaplex = Metaplex.make(connection).use(
keypairIdentity(metapleKeypair),
);
const treasury = metaplex.identity().publicKey;
​
//Find Candy Machine with Address
console.log('Fetch the Candy Machine');
let candyMachine = await metaplex.candyMachines().findByAddress({
address: new PublicKey(REACT_APP_CANDY_MACHINE_ADDRESS),
});
​
console.log('Update the Candy Machine');
await metaplex.candyMachines().update({
candyMachine,
guards: {
  botTax: {lamports: sol(0.01), lastInstruction: true},
  solPayment: {amount: sol(0.1), destination: treasury},
  startDate: {date: toDateTime('2022-10-17T16:00:00Z')},
  // All other guards are disabled...
},
});
Mint NFT
//Insert Item and Refresh Candy Machine
console.log('Insert Item to the Candy Machine');
await metaplex.candyMachines().insertItems({
candyMachine,
items: [{name: metaData.name, uri: metaData.id}],
});
​
candyMachine = await metaplex.candyMachines().refresh(candyMachine);
​
//Mint
console.log('Mint');
const {nft} = await metaplex.candyMachines().mint({
candyMachine,
collectionUpdateAuthority: metapleKeypair.publicKey,
owner: selectedAccount.publicKey,
});
Find NFT in Your Wallet
Reference
General
​SolMeet #3​
https://reactnative.dev/docs
SMS
https://github.com/solana-mobile/mobile-wallet-adapter
https://github.com/solana-mobile/mobile-wallet-adapter/tree/main/examples/example-react-native-app
Metaplex
https://github.com/metaplex-foundation/js-examples/tree/main/mint-ui-example
https://docs.metaplex.com/programs/token-metadata/overview
Arweave
https://github.com/thuglabs/arweave-image-uploader